Around four is a recommendation, not a confirmed hard maximum.
Officially confirmedGRAIN ROT Multiplayer
Check lobby size, public and private sessions, Steam invites and the difference between the recommended crew and an unconfirmed hard player cap.

The current official guidance for balanced online co-op.
Officially confirmedThe official FAQ says solo exploration is more demanding.
Officially confirmedPatch 1.07 added public servers through an in-game browser.
Officially confirmedThe official FAQ does not confirm support across platforms.
Not confirmedThe official FAQ does not confirm whether players can join after a session starts.
Not confirmedThe official FAQ does not confirm a reconnect flow after a disconnect.
Not confirmedThe official FAQ does not confirm host migration if the lobby host leaves.
Not confirmedThe official FAQ does not publish exact difficulty multipliers by crew size.
Not confirmedPick Your Multiplayer Question
Separate the recommended crew from the unlisted numeric cap.
Lobby privacyWhich Lobby Mode Should I Use?Compare Public, Friends Only, Invite Only and Private.
Public serversHow Do Public Lobbies Work?Use the in-game public server browser added in Patch 1.07.
Steam invitesHow Do I Invite Friends?Choose a Friends Only or Invite Only session and use Steam joining tools.